(My first Phad Thai--don't sneer at my soggy little broccolis, this way I can get my family to at least eat it--we'll work up to less and less cooked with time.)
Let's talk about fiber:
We all know that we should take in 25 grams of fiber a day according to the RDI, Referenced Daily Intake, formerly the RDA, Recommended Daily Allowance. The recommended amount of each, soluble and insoluble fiber, is not spelled out in that recommendation, although both are necessary to the body but work in different ways.
Insoluble fiber is the fiber that the body can't use and is moved through the intestines without change. This provides bulk to the stool. Soluble fiber is not broken down by the body either, but is turned into a gel when coupled with water and has a few unique properties dieters can cash in on. For one, it slows down emptying of the stomach making us feel full longer, and it adds softening properties to the stool that make the whole elimination process faster and easier to tolerate. On top of those physical properties we can easily see and feel, soluble fiber also improves glucose metabolism.
To break digestion down into a quick nutshell: Food is broken down into tiny bits of sugar called glucose which the body's cells can use directly. Insulin is the "key" that unlocks the door to allow glucose into the cells.
As we age and/or gain weight or become obese, our bodies function less efficiently and become insulin resistant which is a risk for developing diabetes. The numbers are scary. According to a 2006 study by Dr. Laurie Barclay and Dr. Desiree Lie, there's a 20% chance of insulin resistance with every 5% increase in weight over the age of 20. (Basically, that means I'm screwed because that's how I put my weight on, 5-7 lbs a year, after the age of 20.) The normal weight population has a 4% chance of developing diabetes. The obese population has a 46% risk of developing diabetes. If your weight is in between those two groups, your risk is in between those two figures.
Soluble fiber has been shown to control blood sugar spikes. The object of the game is to eat, transform the food into glucose, and have a steady supply available to the cells, rather than a spike and drop amount of glucose supplied, with an efficiently working insulin key. Soluble fiber helps attain those objectives. Not only does that aid us in losing weight, which is in its most basic form all about not eating more fuel than our bodies need for energy and using up the stores we already do have, soluble fiber aids us in feeling better all the time because our bodies are producing energy more efficiently and lowering our diabetes risk.
So what foods have plenty of soluble fiber? Oatmeal and barley are excellent sources in cereals. Apples, berries, prunes, and citrus are all packed. Apples in particular are loaded with pectin which is soluble fiber. So that gives an interesting twist to the old saying "An apple a day..." All beans, but lima, black, and navy beans are the highest sources in that family. And for vegetables: broccoli, brussel sprouts, bean sprouts, and carrots are soluble dynamos.
Interesting that three of those vegetables are often found together in stir fries. Guess what I'll be eating more of? Little Debbie Carrot Cakes. Just kidding. Little Debbie may be a sweet girl but her cakes are all but poison on anyone's diet just from the transfats alone. Viva la stir fry! Which, as I've said before, to me just seems like hot salad over rice or noodles. It's a way to break up the salad routine. So viva la vegetables in general.
Also interesting that two of those vegetables (broccoli and brussel sprouts) are in the cabbage family. Just something to keep in the back of your mind. Other members of the family include: cauliflower, beet greens, as well as mustard, collard, and turnip greens, swiss chard, kale, bok choy, rutabagas, radishes, and turnips, all good sources of fiber of both varieties.
Phad Thai is easy to make at home,full of flavor, and hosts the soluble fiber of bean sprouts. The genesis of the dish is rice stick noodles, fish sauce, egg, and chopped peanuts. Served on street food carts all over Bangkok and maybe one of the most recognizable Thai dishes in the states, Phad Thai has as many variations as possible ingredients, including those with tofu, shrimp, chicken, or without added protein. I added broccoli to the recipe I chose to increase the soluble fiber count. Gene, who loves his down home cooking, but isn't necessarily unadventurous, really liked this dish. With a little practice on my part (this was my first attempt) I think this could become a regular part of our meal repetoire.
For more on my personal diet story and the recipe, click below: